Combination tubing socket



Mar. 3,1925.

E. N. DAVIDSON COMBINATION TUBING SOCKET Filed Feb.v '7, 1923 2SheetS-She-efl l Mar: 3, 1925.

E. N. DAVIDSON COMBINATION TUBING SOCKET 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. '7,1925 Patented Mar. 3, 1925.

UNITED STATES'.

EMET N. DAVIDSON, 0F BRECKENRIDGE, TEXAS. n.

COMBINATION TUBING SOCKEI.

.Application med February 7, 1923. serial Na. 617,555.

a citizen of the United States, residing at Breckenridge, in the countyof Stephens and State of Texas, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Combination Tubing Sockets, of which the following is aspecication, reference being had to lthe accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to combination tubing sockets and has for animportant object thereof a tubing socket adapted for use in removingbroken parts of tubing from deep wells.

An important object of the invention is to provide means of thischaracter which is capable of use with all types of tubing and ofdifferent forms of breaks of the tubing and which is likewise capable ofusev for removing the broken ends of sucker rod lines and the like.

A 4further object of the invention is to provide a device of thischaracter which providesin combination a means for gripping the casingexteriorly and a means for gripping the same interiorly, each of suchmeans being so constructed as not to interfere with the normal operationof the other.

A. still further object of the invention is to rovide a device of thischaracter from whichthe engaged tubing may be readily removed.

Another vobject ofthe invention is to provide a device of this characterwhich may be readily lowered into the well casing for engagement withthe tubingv and which is so Yconstructed that accumulated gas, oil orWater within the well bore will not interfere with its insertion.

An additional, object of theinvention is to provide a device of thischaracter which is readily removable from a socket engaging tubing whichis broken olf within the casing of the well to a socket for engagingtubing which is broken olf beneath the well.

It is well known to those familiar with the art that in the constructionof deep wells after the bore is completed, the casing is elevated and acharge of high explosive placed in the lower end of the well beneath thecasing and exploded to enlarge the opening beneath ,the casing andprovide a pocket into which the oil or the like may flow, and tubing isthen inserted in the well through which the-oil or the like may bepumped,

the lower end of this tubing projecting below the lower end of the wellcasing. This tubing in deep wells often becomes broken, sometimesbreaking due to a cave-in of the shot hole, as`the enlarged lower end ofthe bore is generally termed, or is broken within the shot hole due tothe fact that the movement of the tubing within the hole is not limitedby the casing and accordingly too great a strain is often applied to thesame with a resultant breakage. Furthermore, the tubing adjacent theupper ends of the casing is subjected to a terrific strain due to theweight of the tubing beneath and accordingly the tubing sections oftenpart at thecouplings thereof. For this reason, the majority of thetubing employed in deep wells is of that type usually referred to asupset tubing, in which the ends of the tube have been enlarged byupsetting the same to give an increased threading larea for engagementby the coupling. These upset ends of the tubing are diiicult to engageby the ordinary form of socket which often takes what is commonly termeda foul grip on the tubing resulting in slippage and consequent damage tothe tubing and possibly to the derrick and workmen employed therein. Animportant object of this invention accordingly becomes to provide asingle tool which is capable of gripping the tubing within the casing orwithin the shot hole and which is so constructed as to render impossiblethe; improper engagement thereof with upset tubing and which at the sametime is capable of use with the ordinary type of tubing.

These and other objects I attain by the construction and arrangementshown in the accompanying drawings wherein for the purpose ofillustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention landwherein like reference characters designate like parts throughout.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a socketconstructed-in accordance with my invention showing the head, barrel,slip socket and spear in use;

Figure 2 'is a similar view showing the wing socket, spear and head -inuse;

Figure 3 is a section taken on the line 3 3 of Figure 1; and

Figures 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are partially' 'diagrammatic views showingvarious manners of connecting the tool for different uses.

. cess having a Figure 9 is a section ou line 9 9 of Figure 2.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 10indicates a head which 1s adapted at its upper end for engagement with atool line as indicated at 11. At its lower end the head is provided witha reduced extension 12 which is exteriorly screw-threaded, as at 13, forengagement with a barrel 14. The lhead has formed in' the lower face ofthe reduced eX- tension 12 thereof a socket 15 for the reception of atubing spear 16. The head has formed therethrough ports 17 opcnin Ythrough the head adjacent the upper end thereof and through the'lowerend of the extension 12.

The barrel 14 is made of a desired length and' is provided at its lowerend with a reduction 18 of the same external diameter as the reducedextension 12 and which is externally screw-threaded for interchangeableengagement with a slip socket 19 or a wing soc et 20. It will be obviousthat the slip or wing sockets 19 and 2O are interchangeably engageablewith the lower end of this barrel or with the reduced extension 12 ofthe head 10. The lower end of the reduced portion 18 of the barrel hasits lower face upwardly and inwardlyv inclined, as ndicated at 21. Thewall of the barrel has formed therein ports 22` one of which is arrangedso that thel gripping part 23 of the spear 16 may be observed to notewhether the same is operating properly or no.' These ports and the ports17 of the head 10 serve to permit the passage of iuid. gas or the likewhen the device is being lowered into or withdrawn from the casing C ofthe well.

The spear 16 is made of a diameter such that it enters the tubing withwhich it is to coact with but a slight clearanceand has its lower endrounded` as indicated at 24, so that it may readily enter such tubing.The upper end of the spear 16 immediately adjacent the threaded portionthereof formed for engagement in the socket 15 of the head, is providedwith an enlargement 25 having a downwardly directed shoulder 26 againstwhich the upper end of the tubing will abut to limit its movement andexpose a portion of thel spear for engagement by a wrench sothat thespear ma)v be removed from the head 10. The exterior of the enlargement25 is polygonally formed for such engagement. lAdjacent its lower endthe s ear 16 is formed with a reiiorizontally disposed upper Wall 27 andan upwardly and inwardly inclining side wall 28. This side wall hasformed therein a dove tail groove 29 which isengaged by a dove tail lug30'formed upon the gripping element or slip 23.- Adjacent the lower endof the groove, a liey 31 extends transversely thereof preventin theremoval of the sli from the lower em of the oove. The si 23 issubstantially triangu ar in form an has its outer face curved tocorrespond to the curvature ofthe tubing with which it is to coact andformed with teeth 32 for engaging the tubing. This slip is of lesslength than the recess and is of such size that when located at thelower end of the recess its outer face projects beyond the plane of theouter face of the spear so that the teeth thereof may engage the tubing,the combined widths of the spear and slip when the slip is in thelowermost position being greater than the internal diameter of thetubing with which the spear is to coact and the combined widths of thespear and slip when the slip is at the upper end of the recess beingless than such diameter.

The slip socket 19 is provided with an eX- I, ternal reduction 33 whichis exteriorly screw-threaded for interchangeable engagement with a band34 or with the wing socket 20. The lower endV of the slip socketl theseinclined faces continuous or comple,

mentar)1 when the band is in the proper po- IPS.

sition. The bore of the slip socket tapers downwardly, as indicatedat37, and has formed in the wall thereof substantially verticallyextendino' dove tail rooves 38 which are envaged by similary formed lugs39 upon s ips 40. The outer faces of these slips or those which will bedisposed toward a tubing entering the socket arc vertical and are curvedto correspond to the curvature of the casing with which they are tocoact` these faces being formed with teeth 41 for engaging the tubing.The slips 40 are removable from the socket 19 so that they may beinterchanged to permit coaction of the socket with tubing or rods ofdifferent external diameters. The wing socket 20, which as above setforth is capable of interchangeable engagement with the head 10, barrel14 or slip socket 19, is in the form of a barrel 42 having a bore 43 4ofthe same diameter as the bore of the bai rel 14 and provided with ports44 corresponding to the ports 22 of the barrel 14 and through which theslip 23 may be observed. The lower end of the barrel is split, asindicated at 45 and the bore of such lower end enlarges downwardly. asindicated at 46. The wings 47 formed by splitting the wing socket areresilient and have a tendency to spring outwardly to a diameter greaterthan the diameter of the casing C with which the socket is designed tocodicated at 48.

In fishing for tubing T of ordinary constructionwhich is broken ofi'within the casing C of the well, the slip socket 19 provided with slipsofthe proper size may be attached' either directly to the head 10 andthe spear 16 omitted or this socket may be attached to the lower end ofthe barrel 14 which is in turn engaged with the head and the spear 16employed. The band 34 is employed upon the socket when the device isputrto this use and as the device is lowered into theA well, the tubingengaged by the inclined lower edges and 36 of the socket 19 and band 34`Will be guided into the bore 37 ot' the socket. The slips 40.employedfin the socket 19 on such an occaslon will'be of such size thatwhen in the lowermostl position they restrict the bore 37 to a diameterless than the diameter of the tubing to beV engaged. The tubing engagingagainst these slips, will force the same, upwardly,`lower ing of thedevice being continued until the tubing engages against either the head10 or the shoulder 26. at the upper end of the spear 16 it' the same beemployed. The device is then hoisted and the slips "which will bemaintained in engagement with the side walls of the tubing by gravitywill be forced downwardly by the engagement of their teeth with thetubing so that they wedge in against Vthe tubing and secure a very firmhold thereon. If the spear 16 is being employed, the. slip 23 thereofwill move downwardl c ausiner the s ear bod to enfrao'e D 2D Dagainstt-he internal diameter of the bore at one side and the slip atthe opposite side,

providing a very firm grip so that thetubing may be hoisted from thewell.

When employed for removing tubing having upset ends, the spear 16 ispreferably employed together with the barrel 14. and the slip socket 19.With .this type of tubing, the slips 4() employed are preferably of suchsize that when in their lowermost position, while immediately adjacentthe' outer face of the casing, they do not actually engage there-lagainst. Theenlarged head of the tubing in passing into the bore of theslip, socket elevates these slips until they are spaced apart asuficient distance to permit the passage of the head when they aredropped by gravity to the lower ends of the grooves. When in thisposition they restrict slip socket to suoli an extent that the head T ofthe casing cannot 'possibly ^pass therethrough. The casingmovingupwardly engages t e lower end of the spear and is guided thereon andfinally comes to rest abutting the shoulder 26. The device is thenelevated and the slip 23 of the spear will engage the inner Wall ashereinbefore described, locking the spear and tubing to- ,socket areprovided, the barrel 14 is the bore 37 of the gether so that the tubingis being elevated by the spear. lVhen being so elevated, motion of thetubing T from side to side is pre# vented by the slips 40, thuspreventing any undue Aslde strain being placed upon the spear to bend orotherwise injure the same. If the slip 23 of the spear fail to work, thehead T of the tubingwill cometo rest upon the upper ends of the slips 40so that the tubing will be supported.

lVhen employed for removing tubing which is'broken oli' below the lowerend of Y y directly with the head, the spear engages the tubing toelevate the same. If'the socket 19 is employed alone, the tubing passesupwardly through the bore 43 into the bore 37 of the socket where thetubing is engaged byv the slips used and the operation in engaging thetubing is similar to that above described for engaging tubing broken offwithin the casing.

From the foregoing it is believed to be ob- 1' 40. here both the spearvand vious that a combined socket of this construction is -readilyadaptable for engagement with tubing of the usual construction whetherthe same be broken off within or below the casing C of the well. It willfurthermore be obvious that by omitting the spear, the socket 19 may beemployed for removing broken rods and the like. Many lchanges beingpossible in the specific construction of the device as hereinbefore setforth, I do not limit myself to such specific structure except ashereinafter claimed.'

Iclaimz- 1. Means for removing broken tubing from well casings includinga head adapted for attachment to a drill line, a spear engaged with thehead of less diameter than the internal diameter of the casing to beengaged, a slip carried by the spear normal-ly.

maintained by gravity in a position Where4 its outer face projectsbeyond the outer face of the spear, such outer facev of theslip beingprovided with gripping teeth,`sa'1d i. attachment to a drill line, aspear en aged '-with the head of less diameter than t e internaldiameter of the casing to be engaged, ,a slip carried by the spearnormall maintained by gravity in a position wiere its louter faceprojects beyond the -outer face 4of the spear, such outer face of theslip bey y' ing provided with gripping teeth, said slip y bem movableupon the application of upwar pressure thereto to a position where f`it-is concealed within the spear, and means carried by the head forguiding tubing for f `engagement by Said SPGM', Said Spear beingprovided in its lower end with a spear receiving socket, a barrelengageable with said head, and a slip socket interchangeably engageablewith the barrel of said head.

4. In a device of the type described, a head provided upon its lower endwith a reduced threaded extension, a barrel and a Slip socket eachhaving'l at its lower end a reduced extension of t e same diameter asthe reduced extension ofthe head and screwthreaded and each provided atits-upper end with internal screw-threads engageable with thescrew-threaded extension of the head,` the lower faces of the extensionof the barrel and slip socket being upwardly and` inwardly inclined, anda band interchangeably engageable with the last named extensions and.having an inclined lower face 'complementary to the inclined lower faceof the extension.

5. In a tubing fishing tool and in combination with a head formed at itslower end to provide one member of a coupling and in its lower end witha spear receiving socket, a barrel, a slip socket and a win socket eachprovided at its upper end wit a coupling member complementary Lo thecoupling member' of the head, said barrel and slip socket being providedat their lower ends with coupling members identical with the couplingmember of the head, the lower fas of the lower coupling members of thebarrel and slip socket being upwardly and inwardly inclined, and a. ringinterchangeably engageable with the lastnamed coupling members andhaving an inclined lower face complementary to the inclinedlower facesof the coupling members.

6. In a tubing fishing tool and in combination with a head formed at itslower end to provide one member of a coupling and in its lower end witha spear receiving socket, a plurality of tubular guides including a slipsocket provided at their upper ends with coupling members complementaryto the coupling members of said head and at their lower ends withcoupling members similar to the coupling members of said head, and meansselectively engageable with the lower coupling members of said guidesproviding at the lower ends thereof when applied an upwardly and inwardlinclined surface to direct and engage tu ing into said guides.

In testlmony whereof I hereunto aiiiX` my v signature.

EMMET N. DAVIDSON.

